5th grade Science
10 units matched to the Arizona Academic Standards.
Focus areas
- Matter, particles and new substances
- Forces, motion and gravity
- Earth and the Sun, and inherited traits
Units
Unit 1
Solutions & Mixtures
Solutions versus mechanical mixtures, solutes and solvents, what affects dissolving, and ways to separate mixtures (filtering, evaporation, magnets, chromatography).
Learning standard: 5.P1U1.2 · substances that combine to form new substances with different properties
Unit 2
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Matter as anything with mass and volume, how particles are arranged in solids, liquids and gases, and why materials are chosen for their properties.
Learning standard: 5.P1U1.1 · matter made of particles too small to see
Unit 3
Changes of State
Melting, freezing, evaporation and condensation at home and outdoors, and how matter absorbs or releases thermal energy when it changes state.
Learning standard: 5.P1U1.1 · how particles explain solids, liquids and gases
Unit 4
Physical or Chemical?
Telling a physical change from a chemical change, spotting the signs of a new substance, and how making and throwing away everyday products affects the environment.
Learning standard: 5.P1U1.2 · mixing substances that react and make new substances
Unit 5
Measuring Matter
Measuring mass (grams, kilograms) and volume (milliliters, liters), comparing density, why gases compress and solids do not, and how the particle model explains it.
Learning standard: 5.P1U1.1 · measuring matter and identifying materials by their properties
Unit 6
Speed & Motion
Practices speed as the distance an object travels in a certain time, inertia (objects keep doing what they are doing until a force acts), and how mass and force affect how quickly motion changes.
Learning standard: 5.P3U1.4 · how balanced and unbalanced forces affect motion
Unit 7
Gravity Pulls Down
Practices explaining that Earth's gravitational force on objects is directed down, toward Earth's center, wherever you are on the planet.
Learning standard: 5.E2U1.8 · Earth's gravity pulling objects toward its center
Unit 8
Spinning Earth, Moving Shadows
Practices that Earth rotates on its axis about once every 24 hours, which causes day and night and makes the Sun appear to move across the sky, so shadows change length and direction during the day.
Learning standard: 5.E2U1.7 · Earth's spin and movement around the Sun, and the patterns of day, night and shadows
Unit 9
Traits & Variation
Practices how plants and animals inherit traits from their parents, how traits vary within a family, and how the environment can change traits like size or health.
Learning standard: 5.L3U1.9; 5.L4U3.12 · traits passed from parents to offspring, and traits shaped by the environment
Unit 10
Engineering Challenges
Practices the engineering design process: defining a problem with criteria and constraints, comparing possible solutions, and planning fair tests that control variables and find failure points.
Learning standard: 5.P3U2.5 · defining problems and designing solutions about force and motion
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