8th grade Math
11 units matched to the Minnesota K-12 Academic Standards.
Focus areas
- Patterns and relationships: linear equations and functions, exponents, and irrational numbers
- Spatial reasoning, data and probability: the Pythagorean theorem, and scatter plots and lines of fit
- Mathematical practices: making sense of problems and explaining reasoning
Units
Unit 1
Squares, Cubes & Roots
Knowing perfect squares and cubes, finding square roots and cube roots, estimating where a square root falls between whole numbers, and linking squares to the area of a square.
Benchmark: 8.3.6.4; 8.3.5.1 · squares and square roots, and rational and irrational numbers
Unit 2
Patterns & Two-Step Equations
Writing and evaluating expressions like 3n + 2, solving two-step equations, and finding the rule for a growing pattern or a cost made of whole items such as tickets.
Benchmark: 8.3.6.3 · solving multi-step equations in one variable
Unit 3
Pythagorean Theorem
Finding a missing side of a right triangle, checking whether a triangle is a right triangle, and using the theorem for ladders and diagonals.
Benchmark: 8.2.3.1; 8.2.3.2 · the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse in problems in context
Unit 4
Big, Small & Real Numbers
Writing very large and very small numbers in scientific notation, telling rational from irrational numbers, ordering numbers such as √2 and π, and mentally multiplying and dividing by powers of ten.
Benchmark: 8.3.5.1; 8.3.5.4 · irrational numbers and scientific notation
Unit 5
Scatter Plots & Stories
Deciding when two-variable data is needed, picking the best graph, describing scatter plots as strong, weak, positive, negative or none, spotting outliers, and noticing graphs that mislead.
Benchmark: 8.1.1.2; 8.1.1.3 · scatter plots and lines that model a pattern
Unit 6
Tables, Graphs & Linear Relations
Using an equation like y = 3x + 2 to build a table of values, find a missing x or y, and describe how the variables change together.
Benchmark: 8.3.7.4; 8.3.7.6 · linear functions in tables, graphs and equations, and their slope and intercepts
Unit 7
Equations with Brackets
Solving one-variable equations, including ones with brackets and negative numbers, checking by substitution, and spotting a common mistake with the distributive property.
Benchmark: 8.3.6.3; 8.3.6.1 · multi-step equations that need the distributive property
Unit 8
Exponent Rules
Properties of integer exponents: multiplying and dividing powers with the same base, a power of a power, zero exponents and negative exponents.
Benchmark: 8.3.5.3 · the properties of integer exponents
Unit 9
Systems of Equations
Solving pairs of linear equations, checking a solution, telling when a system has no solution or infinitely many, and simple word problems.
Benchmark: 8.3.6.9; 8.2.4.3 · solving systems of linear equations and the kinds of solutions they can have
Unit 10
Functions
Deciding whether a relation is a function, comparing two functions shown in different ways, spotting linear functions, and matching a graph to a story.
Benchmark: 8.3.7.3; 8.3.7.2 · functions as one output for each input, and linear and non-linear patterns
Unit 11
Slope & Rate of Change
Finding slope from two points or a table, reading slope as a unit rate, writing y = mx + b, and saying what the intercept means.
Benchmark: 8.2.4.1; 8.3.7.1 · slope, the equation y = mx + b, and comparing proportional and non-proportional relationships
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