9th grade Math
19 units matched to the Oregon State Standards.
Focus areas
- Numbers and operations: high school algebra: linear and exponential relationships, equations and functions
- Geometry and measurement: shapes, measurement and the space around us
- Data reasoning: asking questions, collecting data and reading what it shows
Units
Unit 1
Number Sets
Natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, rational and irrational numbers, how they fit inside each other, and why there are always more numbers between any two rational numbers.
Learning standard: HS.NQ.A.2 · comparing rational and irrational numbers
Unit 2
Exponents & Powers
Evaluating powers, using the product, quotient and power laws, working with powers of products and fractions, and order of operations with exponents.
Learning standard: HS.NQ.A.1 · properties of exponents
Unit 3
Multi-Step Equations
Solving linear equations with brackets, fractions and variables on both sides, checking solutions, and turning word problems into equations.
Learning standard: HS.AEE.C.8 · solving multi-step linear equations and justifying each step
Unit 4
Rearranging Formulas
Rearranging a formula to solve for one quantity (d = rt for t, P = 2l + 2w for l) and using it, plus justifying each step in solving an equation.
Learning standard: HS.AEE.A.3 · rearranging formulas and equations to highlight a quantity
Unit 5
Linear Inequalities
Solving linear inequalities (flipping the sign when dividing by a negative), checking a solution, and writing inequalities from budgets and limits.
Learning standard: HS.AEE.B.5 · creating and solving linear inequalities in context
Unit 6
Linear Relations
Finding slope from points and graphs, reading y = mx + b, finding intercepts, deciding whether a point is on a line, spotting parallel lines, and using rates of change in stories.
Learning standard: HS.AFN.A.3; HS.AFN.C.6 · rate of change and key features of linear functions
Unit 7
Function Notation
Evaluating and solving with function notation, and naming the domain and range of a function, including a sensible domain in a real situation.
Learning standard: HS.AFN.A.1; HS.AFN.A.2; HS.AFN.B.5 · functions as rules, function notation, and the domain of a function in context
Unit 8
Lines & Intersections
Finding where two lines meet and what it means in a story, graphing x = k, y = k and ax + by = k, regions of an inequality, and translating, reflecting and rotating lines through the origin.
Learning standard: HS.AEE.D.10; HS.AFN.D.9 · where two graphs meet, and how a graph moves when its equation changes
Unit 9
Solving Systems
Solving systems of two linear equations by elimination and substitution, and writing a system from a word problem.
Learning standard: HS.AEE.B.6; HS.AEE.C.7 · solving systems of linear equations and representing constraints with equations
Unit 10
Sequences
Arithmetic and geometric sequences as functions: finding any term, writing a rule, and using a recursive rule.
Learning standard: HS.AFN.D.8; HS.AFN.D.10 · modelling arithmetic patterns and telling them apart from patterns that grow by multiplying
Unit 11
Linear or Exponential?
Telling linear growth (add the same amount) from exponential growth (multiply by the same factor), writing exponential functions, and reading growth and decay rates.
Learning standard: HS.AFN.B.4; HS.AFN.D.10 · telling linear from exponential situations and comparing their growth
Unit 12
Similarity & Scale
Using scale factors to find missing sides, solving shadow and scale-drawing problems, and seeing how enlarging a shape changes its area and volume.
Learning standard: HS.GM.A.2; HS.GM.B.5 · dilations, scale factors and similar triangles
Unit 13
Right Triangles & Scaling
Using the Pythagorean relationship for ladders, ramps, roofs and diagonals, deciding whether a triangle is right-angled, and seeing how doubling or tripling dimensions changes perimeter, area and volume.
Learning standard: HS.GM.D.12; HS.GM.C.10 · the Pythagorean Theorem in context, and how scaling changes measures
Unit 14
Surface Area of Objects
Finding the surface area of a rectangular prism, of two solids joined together (taking away the faces that are hidden), and of a cylinder written in terms of π.
Learning standard: HS.GM.C.9 · surface area of prisms, cylinders and objects made from them
Unit 15
Data & Scatter Plots
Finding the median and quartiles of a data set, reading a box plot, telling positive, negative and no correlation apart, and using a line of best fit to make predictions. Correlation does not prove one thing causes another.
Learning standard: HS.DR.C.8; HS.DR.D.13 · box plots, scatter plots and the strength of an association
Unit 16
Statistics in Society
Telling a population from a sample, spotting bias in who is asked and how, predicting from a sample, noticing misleading graphs, and why correlation is not causation.
Learning standard: HS.DR.B.5; HS.DR.B.6; HS.DR.C.9 · good sampling, choosing a study design, and comparing centre and spread
Unit 17
Two-Way Tables & Causation
Reading two-way frequency tables, finding conditional relative frequencies, spotting associations, and knowing that correlation does not prove causation.
Learning standard: HS.DR.A.3; HS.DR.E.15 · two-way tables, conditional relative frequency, and correlation versus causation
Unit 18
Right-Triangle Trig
The three trig ratios in a right triangle (SOH CAH TOA), choosing the right ratio for the sides you know, finding a missing side, and seeing why sin A = cos B for the two acute angles.
Learning standard: HS.GM.D.12; HS.GM.B.6 · using sine, cosine and tangent to find side lengths in right triangles, and the angle facts of right triangles
Unit 19
Coordinate Geometry
Finding the distance between two points with the Pythagorean Theorem, the midpoint of a segment, slopes of segments, telling parallel and perpendicular lines apart, and using slopes to check for a right angle.
Learning standard: HS.GM.D.14; HS.GM.A.3; HS.GM.D.13 · using the coordinate plane to find distances and midpoints, and using slopes to decide when lines are parallel or perpendicular
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