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4th grade · English Language Arts · Unit 10 of 14

Grammar Gears

Who, which, have and has

What your child practices

Choosing who, which, that and whose, using have, has and had with the right verb form, telling questions from commands, and using my, your, their, this and these.

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) teks student expectation: 4.11(D) · relative pronouns and verb forms

How we explain it

Children can open this short lesson before they practice.

  1. Use who for people, which for things, that for either, and whose to show who owns something.
  2. Have and has go with a past form of the verb: they have lived, she has eaten.
  3. A command tells someone to do something. A question asks.

Example: “The girl ___ won the race is my cousin.” who or which? The word points back to “the girl,” a person. Use who for people. Answer: who

Grammar Gears in Texas

In the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS), this is unit 10 of 14 in 4th grade English Language Arts, after Paragraph Power and before Media and Sources.

Gradelings describes a child's practice on this unit as Beginning, Approaching, Meeting or Exceeding (Four practice steps). That reflects practice, not a report-card mark: the teacher decides the mark.

Source: Texas Education Agency (TEA)

Sample questions

A taste of this unit. In the app, questions change every time and get easier or harder to match your child.

  1. Question 1

    Which sentence is in the past perfect tense?

    • He has packed since we arrived.
    • He had packed before we arrived.
    • He packs before we arrive.

  2. Question 2

    Which sentence is in the present perfect tense?

    • She has finished her homework.
    • She will finish her homework.
    • She finishes her homework.

  3. Question 3

    Which sentence uses the correct relative pronoun?

    • The teacher which reads to us is kind.
    • The teacher whose reads to us is kind.
    • The teacher who reads to us is kind.

  4. Question 4

    Which completes the sentence? Mia ___ eaten lunch already.

    • is
    • has
    • have

  5. Question 5

    Which word completes the sentence? The girl ___ drawing won the prize is my friend.

    • whose
    • which
    • who

  6. Question 6

    Which word is the relative pronoun? Ana has a dog that loves to swim.

    • that
    • dog
    • swim

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