5th grade · Math · Unit 2 of 15
Multiply
Multiply up to three digits
What your child practices
Multiplying 2- and 3-digit numbers using area models and partial products, patterns with 10, 100 and 1000, doubling and halving, and estimating products by rounding.
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) teks student expectation: 5.3(B) · multiplying a three-digit number by a two-digit number with the standard algorithm
How we explain it
Children can open this short lesson before they practice.
- Break the bigger number into place values.
- Multiply each part, then add the parts together.
- Estimate by rounding to check your answer makes sense.
Example: 23 × 14 = ? 23 × 10 = 230. 23 × 4 = 92. 230 + 92 = 322. Answer: 322
Multiply in Texas
In the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS), this is unit 2 of 15 in 5th grade Math, after Decimals and before Divide.
Gradelings describes a child's practice on this unit as Beginning, Approaching, Meeting or Exceeding (Four practice steps). That reflects practice, not a report-card mark: the teacher decides the mark.
Source: Texas Education Agency (TEA)
Sample questions
A taste of this unit. In the app, questions change every time and get easier or harder to match your child.
Question 1
Round each factor to the nearest ten. What is the estimate for 23 × 59?
- 120
- 12,000
- 1800
- 1200
1200
Hint: Round first, then multiply the friendly numbers: multiply the non-zero digits and attach the zeros.
Question 2
Which is a mental math way to find 24 × 101?
- 24 × 100 + 1
- 24 × 100 + 24 × 1
- 24 × 100 − 24 × 1
- 25 × 100
24 × 100 + 24 × 1
Hint: 101 is 1 more than 100. Multiply by 100, then add 1 more group of 24.
Question 3
Use the area model. What is 26 × 31?
Area model for 26 × 31 × 20 6 30 600 180 1 20 6 answer box
806
Hint: Each box holds a partial product. Add all the partial products inside the model to get the total.
Question 4
A delivery van drives 9 km every day. How far does it drive in 230 days?
answer boxkm
2070 km
Hint: Equal groups mean multiply. Split one factor into place-value parts, multiply each part, then add.
Question 5
A team orders 21 T-shirts at $12 each, plus a $10 delivery fee. What is the total cost in dollars?
answer box
262
Hint: Step 1: multiply to find the cost of all the items. Step 2: add the extra cost.
Question 6
Which product is the greatest?
- 32 × 25
- 22 × 25
- 21 × 17
- 25 × 31
32 × 25
Hint: Estimate each product with friendly numbers. If two estimates are close, work those out exactly.