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3rd grade · Math · Unit 5 of 18

Multiplication

Equal groups and arrays

What your child practices

Understanding multiplication as equal groups, arrays, repeated addition and skip counting. Easier sets use 2s, 5s and 10s; stretch sets go beyond 5 × 5.

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) teks student expectation: 3.4(D); 3.4(E); 3.4(F) · equal groups and arrays, and recalling multiplication facts to 10 by 10

How we explain it

Children can open this short lesson before they practice.

  1. Multiplying means equal groups.
  2. 3 × 4 means 3 groups of 4.
  3. An array shows the groups as rows and columns.

Example: 4 × 5 = ? That is 4 groups of 5. 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20. Answer: 20

Multiplication in Texas

In the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS), this is unit 5 of 18 in 3rd grade Math, after Two-Step Stories and before Times Tens.

Gradelings describes a child's practice on this unit as Beginning, Approaching, Meeting or Exceeding (Four practice steps). That reflects practice, not a report-card mark: the teacher decides the mark.

Source: Texas Education Agency (TEA)

Sample questions

A taste of this unit. In the app, questions change every time and get easier or harder to match your child.

  1. Question 1

    Priya has 3 vases with 3 flowers in each vase. How many flowers in all?

    🌷3 groups of 3

    answer box

  2. Question 2

    How many 🌼 are in the array?

    answer box

  3. Question 3

    Which multiplication means the same as this?

    2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2

    • 5 × 2
    • 5 + 2
    • 6 × 2
    • 2 × 2

  4. Question 4

    4 × 5 = 20. So what is 5 × 4?

    5 × 4 = ?

    • 24
    • 15
    • 9
    • 20

  5. Question 5

    A frog makes 3 hops. Each hop is 2 long. Where does it land?

    0510?
    • 8
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6

  6. Question 6

    What is 3 × 3?

    3 × 3 = ?

    • 9
    • 12
    • 6
    • 10

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